Health Care as a Social Good

Question: Compare and contrast the UK healthcare system with US? Answer: Although availability of advanced health care services is high in both UK and USA, the systems for providing such services are completely different in both countries (Craig, 2014). In UK the government is responsible for providing health care services. On the contrary, health care system of US depends on private organizations. In UK, although everyone can access the services provided by NHS, often patients require to wait for long time for accessing the facilities (Ham, 2012). In US, services provided by the organizations in health care sector are expensive and thus every one cannot get services of same quality. However in US patients do not require to wait for treatment. In this essay heath care systems of UK and US are analyzed to understand the similarities and differences between both models. Comparative analysis of the health care systems of UK and US is conducted on basis of some features of systems followed in both countries. The features include main healthcare service provid ers in both countries ,access to health care by common people, insurance policies in both countries, presence of infrastructure and patients attitude in both countries. The essay also contains brief overview of the health care systems in UK and US. Financial resources required for offering health care services are mainly provided by the Government in UK (Freeman et al., 2014). The government collects the fund from taxes paid by common people. As Government agency, NHS, is the main provider of health care services, most of these services can be accessed at free of cost by citizens of the country. In England voluntary insurances cover about 13% of common citizens (Hoffman and Emanuel, 2013). However such insurances are used for accessing services provided by private organizations. In case of UK, providers of primary care are considered as first point of contact for accessing health care services. Although the primary care services are provided by self employed general practitioners , other professional like pharmacists and dentists are also categorized as primary care providers (Hunter and Perkins, 2014). The patients can a only access emergency health care services if the problems are not resolved by primary service providers. E mergency services can also be accessed in case of accidents. In UK the practices for providing community based care is becoming more popular. The patients who require long treatments can access such facilities. Community care services are also provided to those patients who are not suffering from critical diseases or do not require any emergency treatment. Quality of the services provided by main health care provider, NHS, is evaluated by the Care Quality Commission (CQC). CQC evaluates the activities of NHS and provides assistance to the organization for improving quality of its existing services (Hunter and Perkins, 2014). The Government of UK also focuses on improving quality of the services provided by private organizations. The activities of private organizations in UK are monitored and assessed by CQC. Foundation Trusts of NHS are regulated by Monitor. In UK heath protection activities of common people are conducted by Heath Protection Agency (HPA).NICE (National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence) is responsible for assessing the medicine and treatment policies of NHS. The organization is also responsible for modifying the existing policies. Analysis on the health care sector indicates that the quality of services provided by this sector is closely monitored by different agencies of UK government. As a result, quality of the services is maintained. However the patients get less freedom for choosing their treatment policies. Most of the services in health care sector are provided by private organizations of US. As most of the organizations of US health care sector are privately owned, per capita spending of people in US for accessing health care services is more than that of any other countries. Liu et al., (2013) states that a market based approach is used for providing health care services in US. As these services are costly , most of the citizens of US empathizes on buying insurance policies . Expenses on insurance account for major portion of the total spending on health services. In US accessibility of health services depends on financial capacity of a patient, accessibility of health services is not ensured. Although quality of services is not maintained in all cases, availability of innovative medical facilities is high in US. In US very few of total population is unable to buy any insurance policies (McConkey and White, 2012). In US, often large number of deaths is caused due to lack of insurance policies. Although accessibility of medical services in US is limited by sending capability of a patient, patients have more freedom for choosing their treatment policies. Currently in US health care monitoring and regulatory policies are not efficient to standardize the services provided by different organizations in medical sector (Shi and Singh, 2012). However, the federal government is developing policies for developing a centralized system for health care monitoring and quality assurance. Analysis between the healthcare systems of UK and US reflects that both systems are different from each other. In UK medical services are accessed by everyone due to implementation of social insurance policies of NHS. In US, the number of people who are not covered by insurance policies cannot accesses medical facilities of high quality. As in UK, government is responsible for providing health services, selection of treatment policies are not decided by patients. In US, market based approach is used for provoking health care services. As a result , in number of visits to doctor is higher than the number of visits in UK. In UK patients are provided with urgent health care services if their complete treatment cannot be done by general practitioners. In UK, the process of accessing medical facilities is more time consuming. As a result success rate of some diseases such as cancer is higher in US. Analysis made in the essay indicates that both the systems followed in UK and US have some advantages and disadvantages.US policies can be implemented in UK health care model for delivering services to patients in less time.US can follow the health acre monitoring policies of US to maintain quality of the medical services. References Craig, D. (2014). Health Care as a Social Good. Washington: Georgetown University Press. Freeman, K., Field, R. and Perkins, G. (2014). Inconsistencies in Do Not Attempt Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (DNACPR) policies: A review of 20 NHS acute trusts. Resuscitation, 85, p.S11. Ham, C. (2012). What will the Health and Social Care Bill mean for the NHS in England?. BMJ, 344(mar20 2), pp.e2159-e2159. Hoffman, A. and Emanuel, E. (2013). Reengineering US Health Care. JAMA, 309(7), p.661. Hunter, D. and Perkins, N. (2014). Partnership working in public health. Bristol, UK: Policy Press. Liu, V., Read, J., Scruth, E. and Cheng, E. (2013). Visitation policies and practices in US ICUs. Critical Care, 17(2), p.R71. McConkey, D. and White, R. (2012). PA1 Assessing the Progression of the UK NHS Health Care Reforms and the Impact on Health Care Delivery. Value in Health, 15(7), p.A283. Shi, L. and Singh, D. (2012). Delivering health care in America. Sudbury, Mass.: Jones Bartlett Learning.

Corporate Downsizing In America Essay Research Paper free essay sample

Corporate Retrenchment In America Essay, Research Paper Introduction # 8211 ; Downsizing, restructuring, rightsizing, even a term every bit vague as nose count readjustment has been used to depict the pestilence that has been impacting corporate America for old ages and has left many of its hardest working employees without work. In the 1980? s, 25 per centum of in-between direction was eliminated in the United States ( Greenberg/Baron 582 ) . In the 1990? s, one million directors of American corporations with wages over $ 40,000 besides lost their occupations ( Greenberg/Baron 582 ) . In entire, Fortune 500 companies have eliminated 4.4 million places since 1979 ( Greenberg/Baron 627 ) . Although this retrenchment of companies can hold many grounds behind it and can non be avoided at times, there are simple steps a company can take to do the procedure easier on the discharged employees and those who survive with the company. Phase OF DOWNSIZING # 8211 ; The retrenchment procedure can by and large be broken down into three distinguishable phases. The first phase is called the diagnostic phase. In this phase, direction staff pulls together and determines the sum of costs and disbursals that need to be reduced, and how much can come out of layoffs ( Moore 49 ) . This phase normally takes about two to three months to finish. During this clip, the upper direction reviews all fiscal records in order to find how much is needed to be cut from salary outgos ( Moore 50 ) . This phase is concluded when the senior direction has a elaborate program on who will be let travel, and who will stay with the company. During this phase, there is one common misidentify many companies make: deficiency of communicating. The in-between direction is normally left out of all retrenchment programs. This is incorrect and creates a large error. Middle direction should be looked upon as a valuable tool for giving input where cuts should be made ( Moore 51 ) . The following phase of retrenchment is the execution phase. During this phase the employees are laid away. The clip between an proclamation and the existent layoff should be every bit short as possible. This will about see that a terror will be avoided, and give a clear position of the state of affairs at manus without doing mass-hysteria. In a managerial place, it is hard to explicate to an employee that he or she is being laid off, but Terrence Moore gives a guideline on how it should be done. Small talk should be avoided. Management should clearly explicate that the employee is being laid off and be prepared to reply inquiries straight ; avoid crushing around the shrub. It is highly of import to detail all employee benefits and rupture wage, besides the employee should be encouraged to come back with any inquiries that he or she may hold ( Moore 52 ) . An of import note is that the employee should non be given false hope. It should be made clear, from the start, that the employee is being laid away and doesn? Ts have a opportunity of being rehired. Finally, you should non seek to lie to the employee and state you know how they may experience if you don? T ( Moore 52 ) . The concluding phase is the post-implementation phase. This is covering with the subsister syndrome and assisting displaced employees find occupations throughout arrangement beginnings. Sadly, direction normally expects the staying employees to return to their occupations as if nil had happened. However, this is non normally the instance. Survivors suffer with negative feelings of bitterness, defeat, crossness, weariness and burnout. They may besides undergo feelings of insecurity with their company. A manner to assist subsisters cover with their jobs is to offer forces workshops ( or plans ) that offer support to assist get by with the anxiousness that adjustment brings ( Moore 53 ) . Reason FOR AND EFFECTS OF DOWNSIZING There are many grounds why a company might necessitate to downsize. In today? s corporate America, it is a field fact that far fewer employees are necessary to keep a successful operation. Many times, it is the instance where a technological progress or discovery makes it possible to replace a antecedently human occupation. It is besides an all-too-common scenario that outside influences such as sudden displacements in the market or changed authorities policies force corporate executives to do coinciding determinations sing their staff and these external alterations. Another one of the major jobs in today? s concern universe are the wages being paid to the workers. Since employers are non paying their workers high rewards, the workers have small to set back into the econom Y. This causes the system to plump and forces companies to downsize to maintain from traveling under. The retrenchment of a company can impact employees before, during and after it occurs. Employees normally know of a possible retrenchment ( attention of the all-powerful pipeline ) months before it is supposed to go on. Therefore, employees may go paranoid and self-involved, and their top precedence is their ain calling instead than the bottom line of their employer. This causes them to be unfocussed and prevents them from executing their occupations expeditiously. Many workers would besides be absolutely willing to knife their equal ( s ) in the dorsum in hopes of maintaining their occupation. Normally when a retrenchment is complete, the company is at an all-time low. This is due to the fact that in about every amalgamation, acquisition or downsize, employees are faced with uncertainness about their occupations before and after the restructure. After a big per centum of downsizes, 10 per centum of the staying work force will easy accommodate to the alteration, while another 10 per centum will neer accommodate ( Hollreiser 27 ) . Workers who survive the downsize frequently have feelings of choler, fright or misgiving. Further internal jobs result from employees who survive with the company, but can non accommodate to their new scenes and outlooks, and finally discontinue their occupation. Many stairss can be taken to ease the passage of the employees after downsizing occurs. For the employees who were let travel from the company, sensible rupture bundles should be offered to assist the individual until a new occupation is found. Downsizing non merely affects workers that have been terminated, but besides affects the subsisters. This is normally referred to as the subsister syndrome. Many people who survive as a consequence of downsizing frequently unrecorded with the fright that they excessively will be terminated. They are frequently shell shocked and distrustful. They are mentally frightened subsisters of an economic restructuring that they have neer seen earlier. In this changeless clime of economic insecurity, their occupations are invariably being redefined. They are forced to run into new degrees of production standards necessitating them to make more work in less clip and the impression of occupation security ( because of expandability ) is disused ( Caudren 52 ) . As for the staying employees, simple agencies of communicating can be really of import. One of the major grounds for employee jobs after a retrenchment is the misgiving in the direction and deficiency of cognition sing their ain occupation position. If the employees are informed of what is transpirating within their company, they might non be fearful of losing their occupation, or so speedy to knife a fellow employee in the dorsum. This job has affected 1000000s of households in America and has forced good, nice workers to settle for lower rewards and small or no benefits in exchange for supposed higher occupation security. I besides have some personal experience with this topic. My male parent presently works for AT A ; T and survived the recent downsize and split the company underwent. However, he was non so lucky with his old employer, Nabisco, Inc.. In 1988 Nabisco, Inc. and RJ Reynolds, Inc. Merged and downsized, puting off 1000s of employees of which my male parent was one. Positive EFFECTS OF DOWNSIZING # 8211 ; Although retrenchment can hold annihilating effects on those people on the negative side, the staying employees can hold enormous chances for growing and accomplishment development. After a restructure, there are many ways an employee can turn vertically and horizontally within their company. Since so many places are eliminated in such a procedure, the staying employees sometimes need to larn new accomplishments and adapt to managing greater sums of work than of all time before. While this may be an incommodiousness at first, these accomplishments and abilities can help these people in future occupation hunts. Decision # 8211 ; The retrenchment procedure is a fact of life. It affects wholly people from directors to put off employees and their households every bit good as those who remain with the company. It is something that will go on to happen with no terminal in sight. Equally long as our universe market continues to turn, so excessively will the construct of downsizing grow. This procedure can take to psychological jobs, and creates anxiousness and defeat for those of both terminals of it. This is a job that most probably will non hold an easy solution, or at least non any clip shortly. It is something that we all must cover with in one manner or another, and as for the victims of retrenchment, the lone thing they can make is seek to patch their lives back together and trust for the best.

Write A Bar Exam Sample Essay For The Best Bar Exam Results

Write A Bar Exam Sample Essay For The Best Bar Exam ResultsTaking the UBE bar exam can be one of the most stressful things you will ever experience in your life, so what if you could avoid the dreaded paper? Well, if you are one of the many people who has been troubled by their Bar exam preparation and self-confidence, then this article may just be what you have been looking for.The basic goal of every person who wants to take the UBE bar exam is to pass the UBE test. There are a lot of different things that could go wrong when taking this test, and it is a very good idea for any person to have a strategy for coping with these unexpected situations. After reading this article, you should have an idea about what sort of questions will be on your paper, how to prepare yourself mentally for a test like this, and you should be prepared to study in preparation for your test.One of the most important aspects of studying for your UBE test is the preparation for how you are going to answer t he UBE tests. There are many different types of questions that are on the bar exam, and it is important to be able to answer them all correctly. There are a few techniques that you should be aware of before taking the test.Writing a paper for the bar exam can be one of the most stressful tasks that you will ever have to do. When preparing to write your own paper, you need to remember that the bar exam is an extremely difficult task. It will require you to focus your thoughts on everything from spelling to grammar to more important parts of the law. You will also need to have a certain amount of confidence in your ability to do well.You can read up on a few basic tips for writing a paper and prepare yourself by finding ways to help yourself get through the task. This is important so that you can learn to think confidently, and you will be better able to get through this task. If you want to be able to get through the stress of writing a paper with any amount of ease, it is important that you are able to give yourself the best chance possible to succeed.Writing a sample essay for the UBE exam may be one of the most important elements that you need to master. Most people do not prepare properly for this type of test, and because of this they fail. You will need to look at a few tips on how to prepare yourself to ace the Bar exam. You will also need to make sure that you are able to answer the questions correctly, because if you are not sure about a question or the way you are answering it, then you will not be able to use it in your writing.If you are like most people, you will need some tips on how to write a sample essay for the UBE bar exam. You need to have confidence in your ability to write, and you need to be confident in your own abilities. There are a few things that you can do to ensure that you have the best possible chance of passing the bar exam, and there are a few tips that you can follow that will help you succeed.

Tudor Religion free essay sample

The two major religions in Tudor England were the Catholic and Protestant religions. In 1517 the Protestant Reformation began when Martin Luther nailed his 95 Theses on the church door at Wittenberg against the Catholic practice of selling indulgences. We will write a custom essay sample on Tudor Religion or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The convictions and beliefs in the Catholic and Protestant religions were so strong that they led to the executions of many adherents to both of these Tudor religions. Tudor religions changed constantly during the Tudor Dynasty and was dictated by the views of the reigning monarch. Before the early 1500s the people of England all practised the Roman Catholic religion. The practises of the Catholic religion were questioned during the Reformation and the beliefs of men such as the German Martin Luther (1483 1546) who protested at some of the actions of the Catholic church and prompted a new religion called Protestantism. In 1517 the Protestant Reformation began when Martin Luther nailed his 95 Theses on the church door at Wittenberg against the Catholic practice of selling indulgences. The term Protestant was adopted when supporters of Martin Luther formally protested against efforts to limit the spread of Luthers new religious ideas. Traditional forms of religious observance focusing upon the parish church were still in the ascendant among the majority of townspeople in the early 16th century. Bequests were made for the maintenance of chapels, guilds, chantries, altars, statues and for requiem masses and prayers for the dead. In 1506, for example, alderman John Bardfield endowed an obit for himself, his parents, his two wives and all Christians for 100 years. (fn. 5) Three perpetual chantries were established in the late 15th century and another as late as 1523; major work was carried out on several parish churches and the town granted land to the Crutched friars in 1516 to endow a mass for the further prosperity of the town’. Before the early 1500s the people of England all practised the Roman Catholic religion. The practises of the Catholic religion were questioned during the Reformation and the beliefs of men such as the German Martin Luther (1483 1546) who protested at some of the actions of the Catholic church and prompted a new religion called Protestantism. In 1517 the Protestant Reformation began when Martin Luther nailed his 95 Theses on the church door at Wittenberg against the Catholic practice of selling indulgences. The term Protestant was adopted when supporters of Martin Luther formally protested against efforts to limit the spread of Luthers new religious ideas. Catholics believed that Church Services and the Bible should be in Latin whereas Protestants believed that Church Services and the Bible should be in the language of the people so that everyone could understand them. Tudor Catholics firmly believed that Priests were the link between God and the people and that the Pope was ordained by God. Catholic Priests were viewed as special and expected to devote their lives to God and remain unmarried and wear elaborate robes. Tudor Protestants believed that people could find God without a priest or a Pope and that Ministers were ordinary people who should lead normal lives and wear ordinary clothes. Tudor Catholics believed that Priests and the Pope were able to forgive sins at a price. Gifts, or indulgences, were given to the Catholic church to absolve people of their sins whereas Protestants believed that only God could forgive sins. Catholics believed that Churches should be designed to celebrate God and elaborately decorated and adorned their churches with statues and shrines. Tudor Protestants believed that Churches should be plain allowing the people to concentrate on the sermons Mary I, Queen of England, unpleasantly remembered as the Bloody Mary on account of the religious persecutions which prevailed during her reign, was the daughter of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon. After being crowned queen of England , Mary immediately went to work bringing the Roman Catholic faith back to England. She initially did this by rescinding the religious proclamations of Edward VI, and replacing them with old English laws enforcing heresy against the Church. In carrying out the last action, Mary earned her nickname, Bloody Mary, because during her reign, she had more than 300 persons burned at the stake for heresy. Among them was the Archbishop of Canterbury,   Thomas Cranmer. Chiefly because of her support of the papacy and the Roman Catholic Church, she was never really able to gain the support of nobles and most of her countrymen. Upon Elizabeth’s accession, she was keen to create a Protestant Church again and set about doing so in 1559. Parliament was subsequently summoned to meet to consider the Reformation Bill and create a new Church. This Bill ordered that ministers should not wear Catholic vestments, it allowed ministers to marry, banned images from churches and confirmed Elizabeth as Supreme Head of the Church of England. The 1559 Church Settlement established the Church of England in terms of its organisation and religious belief. It was a distinct version of moderate Protestantism which was disliked by both Cathlics and more extreme Protestants, known as Puritans. However, Elizabeth managed to overcome this resistance and her reign saw the permanent establishment of the Church of England without any fundamental change after 1559. The final religious settlement recognised royal supremacy within the church. The Act of Supremacy made Elizabeth Supreme Governor of the Church and church officials were required to take an oath of obedience to Elizabeth. Neither zealous Catholics or Protestants were willing to accept a woman as Head of the Church – hence Elizabeth’s compromise of taking the title ‘Supreme Governor’ as opposed to ‘Head’. The heresy laws passed in the reign of Mary were repealed and the celebration of Communion in both kinds was confirmed. Catholic bishops in the Lords were hostile to this but were eventually outnumbered in voting terms and the Act of Supremacy was confirmed. The arrest and imprisonment in the Tower of two catholic bishops during the Easter Recess of 1559 may have also ‘persuaded’ some Catholics in the Lords that it was in their best interests to support the new Queen. The Act of Uniformity (1559) just about passed the Lords. It was Elizabeth’s attempt to ensure as many believers as was possible could find salvation. The 1552 Prayer Book was to be used in services while the wording of the 1549 Prayer Book was to be incorporated into the Communion service, so that a generous interpretation as to what was meant by the ‘real presence’ could be incorporated into services.

Unrequited Love of a midsummer nights dream essays

Unrequited Love of a midsummer night's dream essays Unrequited love is when one person loves someone but that person is not loved back. Shakespeare and Maureen Daly both used examples of unrequited love in Shakespeares play A Midsummer Nights Dream and Dalys short story Sixteen. In both these stories unrequited love affected the emotions of some of the characters. The emotions of Helena in A Midsummer Nights Dream by William Shakespeare were changed because of unrequited love. In A Midsummer Nights Dream Helena said, Call you me fair...motion of Demetrius heart in lines 181-193. In this passage you can tell that Helena was feeling indifferent about the situation. She doesnt seem mad that Demetrius doesnt love her. Later in the passage from line 226-249 Helena says How happy some...and for this intelligence In this passage Helena is alone so she really expresses her emotion. The passage shows that now Helena feels angry and this is because unrequited love changed her emotions. Helena from A Midsummer Nights Dreams emotions were changed due to unrequited love. The emotions of the girl from the short story, Sixteen by Maureen Daly were changed because of unrequited love. The narrator says For the moon was following us as we walked ducking playfully behind a chimney every time I turned to look at it. In this quote the emotions of the girl are shown as happy and calm. At this point the girl thinks that the guy walking her home really likes her and this is what makes her fell happy. After this the girl says I know what the stars knew all the time- hell never, never call- never. This quote shows the emotions of the girl as being angry and sad. She figured out that the guy was just like any other guy and she knew he would not want to go on another date with her. The girl from the short story, Sixteen by Maureen Dalys ...

Biomes and Diversity Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Biomes and Diversity - Assignment Example This big shift with the invention of farm implements and tools enabled Man to vastly increase his food supplies, stabilize food sources, made food production a secure and predictable undertaking and this incidentally also allowed the arable land to support a much higher population density. Increased food availability made the entire human population grow exponentially. It has also put pressure on the other species of plants and animals, as there is a growing competition for the available food, space, and other requirements for life. Ever since Man burst unto the scene, so to speak, a good number of species had become extinct due mainly to Mans prolific activities. It is a dangerous development, as biodiversity is necessary for ensuring survival of the remaining species. There are strong ancestor-descendant links between various species and their biomes, so the main concerns should be both conservation (wise use) and preservation (leaving untouched). The past century saw the extinction of about 100 species of birds, mammals, and amphibians (Hassan & Scholes, 2005, p. 105) but this background (natural) extinction rate is expected to be 10,000 higher in the next two centuries if based on ancient fossil records, current trends, and computer modeling of extinction rates (M iller & Spoolman, 2011, p. 191). The loss in genetic diversity becomes a serious threat to Mankinds survival as well, because of the links that was mentioned earlier. There are still many undocumented species, in addition to those already well known, which can provide ecological, economic, and medicinal benefits to Man. People can help to slow down the extinction rate by avoiding environmental degradation, reducing their carbon footprint, minimize pollution, mitigate climate change, refrain from introducing invasive or harmful species to a biome, prevent over-exploitation of open common

Dq 8-Sheila Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Dq 8-Sheila - Essay Example Thus, a knowledge worker information system is the combination of data, computer hardware and software and processes that the knowledge worker uses to arrive at decisions in the course of their worker. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the importance of the knowledge worker information system, together with its relevant aspects, in the work of the knowledge worker and to the organization that employs the knowledge worker as a whole. In todays competitive business environment, information is a major success factor for an organization(Brinkley, Fauth, Mahdon, & Theodoropoulou, 2013). For instance, the marketing manager needs information on the plans and actions of their competitors. These have an effect on whether or not a company succeeds. At the same time, the manager must ensure that their information system is secure and cannot be hacked into by rivals. Thus, a good knowledge worker information system must take into consideration the security of the system. Privacy is an important element of a good information system(Petter, DeLone, & McLean, 2013). The users of an information system should not worry about their personal and secret information getting into the wrong hands. This is especially important in the so-called Information Age in which cybercrime is rampant. For instance, a professor who uses Skype to deliver their lectures does not wish to have their personal information leak to their students. A proper information system can deliver useful information when it is needed(Hsu, Chu, Lin, & Lo, 2014). This is crucial because some of the decisions that the knowledge worker makes are urgent yet they far-reaching implications for the organization. For example, a production manager whose organization uses just-in-time delivery of raw materials risks losing a customer if the information system fails to inform the supplier of the need to deliver raw